1 Samuel 18:1

Authorized King James Version

And it came to pass, when he had made an end of speaking unto Saul, that the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David, and Jonathan loved him as his own soul.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְהִ֗י
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#2
כְּכַלֹּתוֹ֙
And it came to pass when he had made an end
to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitive (to complete, prepare, consume)
#3
לְדַבֵּ֣ר
of speaking
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
#4
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#5
שָׁא֔וּל
unto Saul
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
#6
כְּנַפְשֽׁוֹ׃
him as his own soul
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
#7
יְהֽוֹנָתָ֖ן
and Jonathan
jehonathan, the name of four israelites
#8
נִקְשְׁרָ֖ה
was knit
to tie, physically (gird, confine, compact) or mentally (in love, league)
#9
כְּנַפְשֽׁוֹ׃
him as his own soul
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
#10
דָּוִ֑ד
of David
david, the youngest son of jesse
#11
וַיֶּֽאֱהָבֵ֥וּ
loved
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
#12
יְהֽוֹנָתָ֖ן
and Jonathan
jehonathan, the name of four israelites
#13
כְּנַפְשֽׁוֹ׃
him as his own soul
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing love fundamental to theology proper, revealing God's essential nature and character and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of 1 Samuel Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes love in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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